Prophethood 2 - Page 10

1699 - شُعَيبٌ عليه السلام‏

1699. SHUAYB (AS) 1

(وَإِلَى‏ مَدْيَنَ أَخَاهُمْ شُعَيْباً قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَالَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ قَدْ جَاءَتْكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ مِن رَبِّكُمْ فَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ وَلا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ وَلا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلَاحِهَا ذلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ*... الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كَانُوا هُمُ الخَاسِرِينَ) .2

"And to [the people of] Midian, Shuayb, their brother. He said, 'O my people, worship Allah! You have no other god besides Him. There has certainly come to you a manifest proof from your Lord. Observe fully the measure and the balance, and do not cheat the people of their goods, and do not cause corruption on the earth after its restoration. That is better for you, if you are faithful.'...Those who impugned Shuayb became as if they had never lived there. Those who impugned Shuayb were themselves the losers." 3

(اُنظر) هود : 84 - 95 والحِجر : 78 ، 79 والعشراء : 176 - 190 والقصص : 45 والعنكبوت : 36 ، 37 وق : 14 .

(See also: 11:84-95, 15:78-79, 26:176-190, 28:45, 29:36-37, 50:14)

5974.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لَم يَبعَثِ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ مِنَ العَرَبِ إلّا خمسَةَ أنبياءَ : هُوداً وصالِحاً وإسماعيلَ وشُعَيباً ومُحمّداً خاتمَ النَّبيِّينَ صلواتُ اللَّهِ علَيهِم ، وكانَ شُعَيبٌ بَكّاءً .4

5974.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty only sent five prophets from the Arabs: Hud, Salih, Ishmael, Shuayb, and Muhammad, the seal of the prophets, peace of Allah be upon them; and Shuayb was one who cried very much.' 5

إشارة إلى قِصّةِ شُعَيبٍ عليه السلام وقَومِهِ فِي القُرآنِ الكريمِ :

Details of the Story of Shuayb and his People in the Holy Quran 6

كان عليه السلام من أهل مَديَن - مدينة في طريق الشام من الجزيرة - وكان معاصراً لموسى‏ عليه السلام ، وقد زوّجه إحدى‏ ابنتيه على‏ أن يأجُره ثمانيَ حِجج وإن أتمّ عشراً فمن عنده (القصص : 27)، فخدمه موسى‏ عشر سنين ، ثمّ ودّعه وسار بأهله إلى‏ مصر .
وكان قومه من أهل مَديَن يعبدون الأصنام ، وكانوا قوماً مُنعَّمين بالأمن والرفاهية والخصب ورخص الأسعار ، فشاع الفساد بينهم والتطفيف بنقص المكيال والميزان (هود : 84 وغيرها)، فأرسل اللَّه إليهم شعيباً وأمره أن ينهاهم عن عبادة الأصنام وعن الفساد في الأرض ونقص المكيال والميزان ، فدعاهم إلى‏ ما اُمر به ، ووعظهم بالإنذار والتبشير ، وذكّرهم ما أصاب قوم نوح وقوم هود وقوم صالح وقوم لوط .
وبالغ عليه السلام في الاحتجاج عليهم وعظتهم فلم يزدهم إلّا طغياناً وكفراً وفسوقاً (الأعراف وهود وغيرهما من السور). ولم يؤمنوا به إلّا عدّة قليلة منهم ، فأخذوا في إيذائهم والسخرية بهم وتهديدهم عن اتّباع شعيب عليه السلام ، وكانوا يقعدون بكلّ صراط يوعدون ويصدّون عن سبيل اللَّه من آمن به ويبغونها عِوَجاً (الأعراف : 86) .
وأخذوا يرمونه عليه السلام بأنّه مسحور وأنّه كاذب (الشعراء : 185 ، 186) وأخافوه بالرجم ، وهدّدوه والذين آمنوا به بالإخراج من قريتهم أو ليعودنّ في ملّتهم (الأعراف : 88) . ولم يزالوا به حتّى‏ أيأسوه من إيمانهم ، فتركهم وأنفسهم (هود : 93) . ودعا اللَّه بالفتح قال : ربّنا افتح بيننا وبين قومنا بالحقّ وأنت خير الفاتحين .
فأرسل اللَّه إليهم عذاب يوم الظُّلّة (الشعراء : 189) ، وقد كانوا يستهزؤون به أن أسقِطْ علينا كسفاً من السماء إن كنت من الصادقين ، وأخذتهم الصيحة (هود : 94) والرجفة (الأعراف : 91 ، العنكبوت : 37) فأصبحوا في ديارهم جاثمين ، ونجّى شعيباً ومن معه من المؤمنين (هود : 94) فتولّى‏ عنهم وقال : يا قوم لقد أبلغتكم رسالات ربّي ونصحت لكم، فكيف آسى‏ على‏ قوم كافرين ؟! (الأعراف : 93) .7

He (AS) was from Midian - a city on the way to Sham from the Arabian Peninsula - and he was a contemporary of Moses (AS). He married one of his two daughters to Moses on condition that he hire Moses to work for him for eight years, and if he worked for ten years, then it would be his own choice (Quran 28:27). Moses served him for ten years, and he then bid farewell to him leaving for Egypt with his family.
His people from Midian worshipped idols and were blessed with security, luxury, fertile land, and cheap prices. Corruption spread among them, and the defrauding of weights and measures became common (Quran 11:84, and others). Allah then sent Shuayb to them and commanded him to forbid them from worshipping statues, causing corruption on the earth, and defrauding scales and weights. Shuayb invited them to what he had been commanded and advised them by warning them [of chastisement] and giving them glad tidings [of Paradise]. He also reminded them of what had happened to the people of Noah, Hud, Salih, and Lot.
He (AS) excessively debated with them and exhorted them, but it only increased their rebellion, disbelief and corruption (Quran: Surah Araf, Surah Hud, and others). None but a small group of people believed in him, and people started hurting, mocking and threatening the followers of Shuayb (AS). They lay in every street corner, threatening and barring from the path of Allah those who believed in Him, seeking to deviate them from the right path (Quran 7:86).
They accused him (AS) of being enchanted and that he was a liar (Quran 26:185,186). They threatened him and those who believed in him of expulsion from their village unless they reverted back to their creed (Quran 7:88). They continued to abuse them until they made him lose hope in them, so he left them to themselves (Quran 11:93). Shuayb prayed to Allah for victory and said, 'O Lord, give us victory over our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give victory.' Allah then sent the punishment that occurred on the cloudy day (Quran 26:189), and they were mocking him, saying, 'Throw onto us punishment from the Heavens if you are of the truthful', and the Cry seized them, and the earthquake seized them (Quran 11:94, 7:91, 29:37), so they lay lifeless prostrate in their homes, and He delivered Shuayb and the faithful who were with him (Quran 11:94). So he abandoned them and said, 'O my people! Certainly I communicated to you the messages of my Lord, and I was your well-wisher. So how should I grieve for a faithless lot?' (Quran 7:93). 8

1.Although Prophet Shuayb (AS) is not recognised as a prophet in the Judeo-Christian faiths, he is known in the biblical tradition as Jethro, Moses' father-in-law (ed.)

2.الأعراف : ۸۵ - ۹۲ .

3.Quran ۷:۸۵-۹۲

4.قصص الأنبياء : ۱۴۵ / ۱۵۷ .

5.Qasas al-Anbiya`, p. ۱۴۵, no. ۱۵۷

6.Shuayb (AS) was the third Arab prophet whose name was mentioned in the Quran, along with Hud, Salih and Muhammad (SAWA). Allah Almighty speaks parts of his story in chapters: Araf [۷], Hud [۱۱], Shuara? [۲۶], Qasas [۲۸], and AnkAbut [۲۹].

7.تفسير الميزان : ۱۰ / ۳۷۷ .

8.Tafsir al-Mizan, v. ۱۰, p. ۳۷۷

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