Ulum-i Hadith (Hadith Sciences) No. 78 Released
Publish Date: 8/20/2016 Code: 52957

Ulum-i Hadith (Hadith Sciences) No. 78 Released

Tawīl of hadith in the rational school of Mullā Ṣadrā: concept recognition and quality investigation
Methodology of studying the traditions in the field of history of Islam and monotheistic religions in the light of interpretive method of al-Mīzān
The orientalists and the Imamī hadith: categorization and analysis of methods
The damage of Persian-struck-ness in hadith comprehension, underlining translations of Nahj al-Balaghah
Evaluation of paraphrasing in al-Jāmi al-Ṣaghīr
Effects of recognizing the governmental commands in hadith comprehension
Criticism about Ismāīl ibn Marrār

 

Ta'wīl of hadith in the rational school of Mullā Ṣadrā:
concept recognition and quality investigation

Ashrafus-sadat Shenayee[1]
Dr. S. Muhammad Kazem Tabatabaei[2]

Ta'wīl (interpretation) is a frequently used term which influences the religious realm. Its main function is to approach the reality of texts. When facing religious texts Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī (known as Mullā Ṣadrā) lays an emphasis on the source of revelation, and then he mentions the discussion of ta'wīl. Applying and ascription-based, descriptive and content analysis method, this article studies the concept recognition of ta'wīl in the thought of Mullā Ṣadrā and investigates the status of traditions and the way of their interpretation in the rational school of this scholar. The result of this study specifies that he has allocated some of his compilations to benefiting from traditions and that he emphasizes that one should maintain the outward meaning of words and avoid interpreting them; however, since he believes that the words of the Infallibles have an esoteric or inner meaning (bāṭin), he practices the ta'wīl of the traditions to shift from outward meaning to the inner one. His main standard in this task is edification of soul, inner purification of and intuitive wayfaring.

Keywords: meaning of ta'wīl, status of tradition in Mullā Ṣadrā's thought, meaning, quality and hadith interpretation and instances for it.

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Methodology of studying the traditions
in the field of history of Islam and monotheistic
religions in the light of interpretive method of al-Mīzān

Ebrahim Nakha'ee[3]
S. Muhammad Ali Ayazi[4]

Considering the vastness of interpretive traditions in the field of history and taking Allamah Tabatabaei's approach to this group of traditions into account we decided to investigate the Allamah's method in studying historical traditions. (In his al-Mīzān) the Allamah scrutinizes and evaluates the traditions and particularly the historical ones, with specific criteria and methods preceding with interpreting the Qur’anic verses with other verses of the same book. This article aims putting these methods in order so that the researchers may be able in its light to criticize the traditions in a scholarly way. The fruit of this writing is elucidating the Allamah's ability in criticizing and investigating the traditions and opening a new horizon to approach sound traditions. Having these criteria in facing Islamic traditions in the field of history, one can provide the methodology of confronting this kind of traditions in a codified way. The difference between this article and other pieces of writing in the field of analyzing the interpretive traditions is putting the criticism and analysis criteria in order and showing them diagrammatically.

Keywords: Allamah Tabatabaei, investigation of traditions, historical traditions, interpretive traditions.

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The orientalists and the Imamī hadith:
categorization and analysis of methods

Ali Hasan-nia[5]
Ali Rad[6]

A prerequisite for scholarly evaluation of the orientalists' approach to the Imamī hadith is direct confrontation with their writings, a goal that will not be attained these writings are thoroughly researched and are studied case by case. This article that is the fruit of eight months of filed study and library research in the country and abroad, and is based on studies already published in Persian and Arabic, provides, in the first step, an exact and comprehensive bibliography about the Imamī hadith, and in the second step categorizes these studies and reports them in the form of a logic model. The results of this study can be fruitful in answering such questions as: what is the prominent written legacy of the orientalists about the Imamī hadith? And which issues of the Imamī hadith have been studied in these writings?

Keywords: Imamī hadith, orientalists, typology study, bibliography.

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The damage of Persian-struck-ness in hadith
comprehension, underlining translations of Nahj al-Balaghah

Ali Khanifer-zadeh[7]
Badri Va'ezi Ashtiyani[8]

There exist in Persian language numerous loanwords borrowed from Arabic, but they have gained meanings new meanings. These words – called Persiarabic (alluding Persian-Arabic) words in this article – exist in both languages either identically or with similarity in shape and pronunciation. They do not necessarily have the same meanings; therefore, they may cause damage or misconception (in translations). It is for this reason that the Persian version of these words' meaning springs to the mind of certain translators of the Qur'an and hadith when they face them.

Having categorized the types of Persian-struck-ness and having explained the statistics showing their prevalence, this study provides noteworthy evidences and examples of this phenomenon in the Persian translations of Nahj al-Balaghah. Taking advantage of genuine and reliable lexicological references the genuine Arabic meaning, along with the transformed Persian meaning have been specified for every given example. This study also indicates the existence of certain words in Nahj al-Balaghah that have unexpectedly been translated (into Persian) in an incorrect way even by famous translators of Nahj al-Balaghah.

Keywords: hadith word recognition, translation studies, Persian-struck-ness, criticism of the translations of Nahj al-Balaghah.

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Evaluation of paraphrasing in al-Jāmi' al-Ṣaghīr

Mustafa Hamadani

Al-Jāmi' al-Ṣaghīr is one of famous Sunni hadith collections, sorted and compiled alphabetically (based on the initial letters of each hadith). This article investigates that to what extent the book has been methodical in paraphrasing the traditions. It was written with the quantitative content method and based on a sample prepared in a systematic and class-based way. The results indicate that it can be said with an error rate of 5% that al-Ṣuyūṭī has paraphrased 49% of the traditions contained in al-Jāmi' al-Ṣaghīr: 92% of which in a correct way, but 8% of which in an incorrect way. Along with this quantitative analysis, the kinds of incorrect paraphrasing, and the percentage of each have elaborately been studied in a qualitative way. Moreover, al-Ṣuyūṭī has acted contrary to his own opinion and the majority of the men of "Dirayah", denoting that after the hadith collections were compiled, it would absolutely be impermissible to paraphrase a hadith.

Keywords: paraphrasing, al-Jāmi' al-Ṣaghīr, al-Ṣuyūṭī, compilation of hadith collections.

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Effects of recognizing the governmental
commands in hadith comprehension

Hossein Mohaqqeqian[9]
Muhammad Kazem Rahman-stayesh[10]

Hadith comprehension, as well as resolution of conceptual contradiction is gained when the purpose and circumstance of hadith issuance are correctly explained. At first Islamic governmental commands were issued during the rule of the Prophet (s.a.w) and Imam Ali (a.s), the Commander of the Faithful, proportioned with the needs and condition of the community , as well as the audience of that era. These commands (and ordinances) should, in the first step, be recognized. In the second step, and based on analyzing these hadiths, these command (and ordinances) can be applicable, under certain conditions, to other eras and audiences. Recognition of this kind of hadiths has a remarkable effect on comprehending certain traditions and also in resolving the contraction among many hadtihs that refer to the ordinances.

Keywords: hadith comprehension, governmental command, contradiction among hadiths.

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Criticism about Ismā'īl ibn Marrār

Fariba Rezazadeh Kahnaki[11]
Mahdi Taqizadeh Tabari[12]

The present study aims distinguishing Ismā'īl ibn Marrār from his namesakes among other hadith authorities, and intends to discover whether or not he is reliable. This way it will become clear for the experts (in hadith sciences) whether the numerous hadiths quoted from him in the Four Books, which amount to 200 hadiths, are authentic or not. Having applied an analytical-comparative method and having benefited from existing evidences this article deals with the identifying individuals having the same name. Despite the fact that no special authentication (tawthīq khāṣṣ) is available, his reliability was proved in the light of three general authentications (tawthīq `āmm). Other than them, two evidences denoting that his traditions are authentic were found.

Keywords: Ismā'īl ibn Marrār, Ali ibn Ibrāhīm, Yūnus ibn `Abd al-Raḥmān, reliability, correction.

 

[1]. PhD Student in Science and Knowledge of Nahj al-Balaghah at University of the Qur'an and Hadith, Qom, sh.nahj@gmail.com

[2]. Assistant Professor at the University of the Qur'an and Hadith, Qom, tabazazem@gmail.com

[3]. PhD in Science and Knowledge of the Qur'an and Hadith at Islamic Azad University, Unit of Sciences and Studies in Tehran, Qur'an and Hadith Sciences Department in Tehran branch.

[4]. Faculty Member of Islamic Azad University, Unit of Sciences and Studies in Tehran, Qur'an and Hadith Sciences Department.

[5]. Responsible writer, Assistant Professor at Shahed University, Qur'an and Hadith Sciences Department, alihnia@gmail.com

[6]. Assistant Professor at the University of Tehran, Pardis Farabi of Qom Branch, Qur'an and Hadith Sciences Department, ali.rad@ut.ac.ir

[7]. Lecturer and PhD student at University of the Qur'an and Hadith

[8]. MA in Hadith sciences.

[9]. Researcher and lecturer at Seminary Specialized Hadith Center

[10]. Faculty member of University of Qom.

[11]. PhD student at University of Mazandaran; farezazade@yahoo.com

[12]. Faculty member of University of Mazandaran; mt.tabari@gmail.com

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