أ ـ اِستِشهادُ الحُسَينِ عليه السلام في كَربَلاءَ
Martyrdom of Husain (AS) in Karbala
847. مسند ابن حنبل عن عبد اللّه بن نُجَيّ عن أبيه :
847. Musnad ibn Hanbal, reporting from Abdullah ibn Nujay, from his father, who said that
أنَّهُ سارَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ رضى الله عنه وكانَ صاحِبَ مِطهَرَتِهِ ،
he travelled with Ali (AS) and that he was in charge of his ablution container;
فَلَمّا حاذى نينَوى وهُوَ مُنطَلِقٌ إلى صِفّينَ ،
when they were heading towards Siffin,
فَنادى عَلِيٌّ رضى الله عنه :
they passed by Naynawa, so Ali called out:
اِصبِر أبا عَبدِ اللّهِ ، اِصبِر أبا عَبدِ اللّهِ بِشَطِّ الفُراتِ .
‘Be patient O Abu Abdullah! Be patient O Abu Abdullah on the banks of the Euphrates.’
قُلتُ : وماذا ؟
I said: ‘Why?’
قالَ : دَخَلتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه و آله ذاتَ يَومٍ وعَيناهُ تَفيضانِ ،
He said: ‘One day I entered on the Prophet (SA) and saw his eyes filling with tears,
قُلتُ : يا نَبِيَّ اللّهِ ، أغضَبَكَ أحَدٌ ،
so I said: O Prophet of God, did anybody anger you?
ما شَأنُ عَينَيكَ تَفيضانِ ؟
What is with your eyes filling with tears?
قالَ : بَل قامَ مِن عِندي جِبريلُ قَبلُ
He said: ‘Gabriel had just parted from me;
فَحَدَّثَني أنَّ الحُسَينَ يُقتَلُ بِشَطِّ الفُراتِ .
he related to me that Husain would be killed on the bank of the Euphrates.’
قالَ : فَقالَ : هَل لَكَ إلى أن أُشِمَّكَ مِن تُربَتِهِ ؟
He said: ‘Would you like to smell its ground?’
قالَ : قُلتُ : نَعَم .
I said: ‘Yes’.
فَمَدَّ يَدَهُ فَقَبَضَ قَبضَةً مِن تُرابٍ فَأَعطانيها ،
He stretched his hand and took a handful of dust and gave it to me,
فَلَم أملِك عَينَيَّ أن فاضَتا .
so I was unable to prevent my eyes from shedding tears.”
مسند ابن حنبل : ج 1 ص 184 ح 648 .
Musnad ibn Hanbal, vol. 1, p. 184, h. 648.
848. اُسد الغابة عن غرفة الأزدي :
848. Usd al-Ghaba, reporting from Ghurfa al-Azdi, who said:
دَخَلَني شَكٌّ مِن شَأنِ عَليٍّ ،
“I felt doubt about the situation of Ali,
فَخَرَجتُ مَعَهُ عَلى شاطِئِ الفُراتِ ،
so I went out with him on the banks of the Euphrates.
فَعَدَلَ عَنِ الطَّريقِ ووَقَفَ ووَقَفنا حَولَهُ ،
He changed his route and stood, and we stood around him.
فَقالَ بِيَدِهِ :
He pointed with his hand and said:
هذا مَوضِعُ رَواحِلِهِم،
‘This is the place of their riding camels‚
ومُناخُ رِكابِهِم،
this is their halting place‚
ومُهراقُ دِمائِهِم ،
and this is the place where their blood will be spilt.
بِأَبي مَن لا ناصِرَ لَهُ فِي الأَرضِ ولا فِي السَّماءِ إلّا اللّهُ .
My father be his ransom; he will have no helper on earth, or in heaven except for God.’
فَلَمّا قُتِلَ الحُسَينُ خَرَجتُ حَتّى أتَيتُ المَكانَ الَّذي قَتَلوهُ فيهِ ،
When Husain was killed, I came out and arrived at the place where he was killed,
فَإِذا هُوَ كَما قالَ ، ما أخطَأَ شَيئا .
so it was as he described it entirely.
قالَ : فَاستَغفَرتُ اللّهَ مِمّا كانَ مِنّي مِنَ الشَّكِّ ،
He said: I asked God for forgiveness for the doubt I entertained.
وعَلِمتُ أنَّ عَلِيّا رضى الله عنه
I knew that Ali (AS)
لَم يُقدِم إلّا بِما عُهِدَ إلَيهِ فيهِ .
did not venture into anything except that which was entrusted to him.”
اُسد الغابة : ج4 ص322 الرقم 4173 .
Usd al-Ghaba, vol. 4, p. 322, h. 4173.
ب ـ مَصيرُ الحَربِ في وَقعَةِ الجَمَلِ
The Outcome of the Battle of the Camel
849. المعجم الكبير عن الأجلح بن عبد اللّه عن زيد بن عليّ عن أبيه عن ابن عبّاس :
849. Al-Mujam al-Kabir, reporting from al-Ajlah ibn Abdullah, from Zayd ibn Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abbas, who said:
لَمّا بَلَغَ أصحابَ عَلِيٍّ حينَ ساروا إلَى البَصرَةِ أنَّ أهلَ البَصرَةِ قَدِ اجتَمَعوا لِطَلَحَةَ وَالزُّبيَرِ،
“When the companions of Ali marched on to Basra, the news was brought to them to the effect that the people of Basra had gathered around Talha and al-Zubayr,
شَقَّ عَلَيهِم ووَقَعَ في قُلوبِهِم ،
so it was difficult for them and their hearts were taken with fear.
فَقالَ عَلِيٌّ :
Ali said:
وَالَّذي لا إلهَ غَيرُهُ ،
‘By God, other than Whom there is no god,
لَيُظهَرَنَّ عَلى أهلِ البَصرَةِ ،
they shall overcome the people of Basra
ولَيُقتَلَنَّ طَلحَةُ وَالزُّبَيرُ ،
and Talha and al-Zubayr shall be killed;
ولَيَخرُجَنَّ إلَيكُم مِنَ الكوفَةِ سِتَّةُ آلافٍ وخَمسُمِئَةٍ وخَمسونَ رَجُلاً ،
six thousand five hundred and fifty men shall go forth from Kufa to assist you
أو خمسة آلافٍ وخَمسُمِئَةٍ وخَمسونَ رَجُلاً ـ شَكَّ الأَجلَحُ ـ .
or five thousand five hundred and fifty men (al-Ajlah doubted). ’
قالَ ابنُ عَبّاسٍ : فَوَقَعَ ذلِكَ في نَفسي ،
Ibn Abbas said: ‘It made me entertain a doubt about that;
فَلَمّا أتى أهلُ الكوفَةِ خَرَجتُ ،
so when the people of Kufah arrived, I went forth
فَقُلتُ : لاَنظُرَنَّ ، فَإِن كانَ كَما يَقولُ فَهُوَ أمرٌ سَمِعَهُ ،
and said (to myself): I will see, if it is as he says, then it is something he has heard;
وإلّا فَهِيَ خَديعَةُ الحَربِ .
if not‚ it is a war tactic.
فَلَقيتُ رَجُلاً مِنَ الجَيشِ فَسَأَلتُهُ ،
I met a person from the army and asked him.
فَوَاللّهِ ما عَتَّمَ أن قالَ ما قالَ عَلِيٌّ .
By God he only said as Ali had said.
قالَ ابنُ عَبّاسٍ :
Ibn Abbas said:
وهُوَ مِمّا كانَ رَسولُ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه و آله يُخبِرُهُ .
That was amongst what the Messenger of God (SA) used to inform him.”
المعجم الكبير : ج10 ص305 ح10738 .
Al-Mujam al-Kabir, vol. 10, p. 305, h. 10738.
ج ـ ما يَقَعُ بَعدَهُ مِنَ الفِتَنِ
Dissension and Conflicts
850. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام :
850. Imam Ali (AS) said:
أيُّهَا النّاسُ ،
“O People,
إنّي دَعَوتُكُم إلَى الحَقِّ فَتَلَوَّيتُم عَلَيَّ ،
I called you to the truth, but you turned away from me.
وضَرَبتُكُم بِالدرِّةِ فَأَعيَيتُموني ،
I scourged you and you exhausted me.
أما إنَّهُ سَيَليكُم مِن بَعدي وُلاةٌ
Indeed, there shall be rulers after me,
لا يَرضَونَ مِنكُم بِهذا
who will not be satisfied with this approach,
حَتّى يُعَذِّبوكُم بِالسِّياطِ وبِالحَديدِ ،
until they punish you with whips and iron.
إنَّهُ مَن عَذَّبَ النّاسَ فِي الدُّنيا عَذَّبَهُ اللّهُ فِي الآخِرَةِ .
Verily whoever punishes people in this world will be punished by God in the hereafter.
وآيَةُ ذلِكَ أن يَأتِيَكُم صاحِبُ اليَمَنِ حَتّى يَحُلَّ بَينَ أظهُرِكُم ،
The sign of that will be that the ruler of Yemen will come and settle in your midst.
فَيَأخُذَ العُمّالَ وعُمّالَ العُمِّال ،
He will seize the tax-collectors and those who collect the taxes of the tax-collectors.
رَجُلٌ يُقالُ لَهُ : يوسُفُ بنُ عُمَرَ . (ابن محمّد بن الحكم بن أبي عقيل الثقفي ، أمير العراقين وخراسان لهشام ، ثمّ أمّره الوليد بن يزيد ، وكان مهيبا ، جبّارا ، وكان من أقارب الحجّاج بن يوسف، سير أعلام النبلاء : ج5 ص442 الرقم 197) .
A man called Yusuf ibn Umar.” [Son of Muhammad ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi ‘Aqil al-Thaqafi‚ the governor of Kufah‚ Basra‚ and Khurasan appointed by Hisham and reappointed by al-Walid ibn Yazid. He was an awsome tyrant and a relative of al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf. (Siyar A‘lam al-Nubala’‚ vol. 5‚ p. 442‚ No. 197). ]
الإرشاد : ج1 ص322 .
Al-Irshad, vol. 1, p. 322.
851. عنه عليه السلام:
851. Imam Ali (AS) said:
يَأتي عَلَى النّاسِ زَمانٌ لا يَبقى فيهِم مِنَ القُرآنِ إلّا رَسمُهُ ،
“A time will come unto people where nothing is left of the Quran except its print
ومِنَ الإِسلامِ إلَا اسمُهُ .
and of Islam except its name.
ومَساجِدُهُم يَومَئِذٍ عامِرَةٌ مِنَ البِناءِ ،
Their mosques will be then extravagantly built,
خَرابٌ مِنَ الهُدى ،
but void of guidance;
سُكّانُها وعُمّارُها شَرُّ أهلِ الأَرضِ ،
its inhabitants and builders will be the worst of people on earth;
مِنهُم تَخرُجُ الفِتنَةُ ،
from them comes forth the dissension
وإلَيهِم تَأوِي الخَطيئَةُ ،
and to them resorts evil;
يَرُدّونَ مَن شَذَّ عَنها فيها ،
whoever finds it strange will be returned to it
ويَسوقونَ مَن تَأَخَّرَ عَنها إلَيها .
and whoever lags behind will be led to it.
يَقولُ اللّهُ سُبحانَهُ :
God says:
فَبي حَلَفتُ لَأَبعَثَنَّ عَلى اُولئِكَ فِتنَةً تَترُكُ الحَليمَ فيها حَيرانَ .
I have taken an oath that I shall send forth a dissension to them that will leave the tolerant in confusion;
وقَد فَعَلَ ،
and He has done indeed.
ونَحنُ نَستَقيلُ اللّهَ عَثرَةَ الغَفلَةِ .
We ask of God to release the stumbling of heedlessness.”
نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 369 .
Nahj al-Balagha, Aphorism 369.
د ـ مُلكُ مُعاويَةَ
The Reign of Muawiyah
852. مروج الذهب :
852. Muruj al-Dhahab, relates:
قَد كان مُعاوِيَةُ دَسَّ اُناسا مِن أصحابِهِ إلَى الكوفَةِ يُشيعونَ مَوتَهُ ،
“Muawiyah sent a number of his companions to Kufah to spread news of his death;
وأكثَرَ النّاسُ القَولَ في ذلِكَ حَتّى بَلَغَ عَلِيّا ، فَقالَ في مَجلِسِهِ :
people began to speak about it until it reached Ali, so he said in one of his gatherings:
قَد أكثَرتُم مِن نَعيِ مُعاوِيَةَ ،
‘You have not ceased to mourn the death of Muawiyah.
وَاللّهِ ما ماتَ ولا يَموتُ حَتّى يَملِكَ ما تَحتَ قَدَمَيَّ ،
By God, he has not died, nor will he die until he seizes that which is under my feet.
وإنَّما أرادَ ابنُ آكِلَةِ الأكبادِ أن يَعلَمَ ذلِكَ مِنّي
However, the son of the liver eater wanted to know that through me,
فَبَعَثَ مَن يُشيعُ ذَلِكَ فيكُم لِيَعلَمَ ويَتَيَقَّنَ ما عِندي فيهِ ،
so he sent men to spread that among you and to know in order to verify what I have concerning him
وما يَكونُ مِن أمرِهِ فِي المُستَقبَلِ مِنَ الزَّمانِ .
and what his affair will be in future.
ومَرَّ في كَلامٍ كَثيرٍ يَذكُرُ فيهِ أيّامَ مُعاوِيَةَ ومَن تَلاهُ مِن يَزيدَ ومَروانَ وبَنيهِ ،
Moreover, he touched on such events as the rule of Muawiyah and those who followed him including Yazid, Marwan and his sons.
وذَكَرَ الحَجّاجَ وما يَسومُهُم مِنَ العَذابِ ،
He also mentioned al-Hajjaj and the punishment he will inflict on people.
فَارتَفَعَ الضَّجيجُ ، وكَثُرَ البُكاءُ وَالشَّهيقُ ،
When noises and wailing increased,
فَقامَ قائِمٌ مِنَ النّاسِ فَقالَ :
a person stood up from amongst the crowd and said:
يا أميرَ المُؤمِنينَ ،
‘O Commander of the Faithful,
ولَقَد وصَفتَ اُمورا عَظيمَةً ،
you have described great things.
آللّهُ إنَّ ذلِكَ كائِنٌ ؟
By God, shall that be?’
قالَ عَلِيٌّ : وَاللّهِ إنَّ ذلِكَ لَكائِنٌ ،
Ali said: ‘By God that shall be.
ما كَذَبتُ ولا كُذِبتُ .
I have not spoken a lie nor have I been lied to.’
فَقالَ آخَرونَ : مَتى يَكونُ ذلِكَ ياأميرَ المُؤمِنينَ ؟
Someone said: ‘When will that be, O Commander of the Faithful?’
قالَ : إذا خُضِبَت هذِهِ مِن هذِهِ ،
He said: ‘When this will be dyed from this’,
ووَضَعَ إحدى يَدَيهِ عَلى لِحيَتِهِ
putting one hand on his beard
وَالاُخرى عَلى رَأسِهِ ،
and the other on his head,
فَأَكثَرَ النّاسُ مِنَ البُكاءِ .
so people cried hard.
فَقالَ : لا تَبكوا في وَقتِكُم هذا فَسَتَبكونَ بَعدي طَويلاً .
He said: ‘Do not cry now, for after me you will cry for [a] long [time].’
فَكاتَبَ أكثَرُ أهلِ الكوفَةِ مُعاوِيَةَ سِرّا في اُمورِهِم ،
Most of the people of Kufah wrote to Muawiyah secretly about their affairs,
وَاتَّخَذوا عِندَهُ الأَيادِيَ ،
and had someone in mind as their agents before him.
فَوَاللّهِ ما مَضَت إلّا أيّامٌ قَلائِلُ حَتّى كانَ ذلِكَ .
By God, what he said came true only after a few days.”
مروج الذهب : ج 2 ص 429 .
Muruj al-Dhahab, vol. 2, p.429.
ه ـ مُلكُ بَني مَروانَ
The Reign of the Marwanites
853. الإمام عليّ عليه السلامـ في وَصفِ مَروانَ بنِ الحَكَمِ ـ:
853. Imam Ali (AS) said - describing Marwan ibn al-Hakam - :
أما إنَّ لَهُ إمرَةً كَلعَقَةِ الكَلبِ أنفَهُ ، (يريد قصر المدّة ، وكذلك كانت مدّة خلافة مروان ؛ فإنّه ولِيَ تسعة أشهر .)
“Verily he will take the reins of power for as long as a dog licks its nose. [Meaning a short period. His reign only lasted for nine months.]
وهُوَ أبُو الأَكبُشِ الأَربَعَةِ ، (الأكْبُش الأربعة : بنو عبد الملك ؛ الوليد ، وسليمان ، ويزيد ، وهشام ، ولم يلِ الخلافة من بني اُميّة ولا من غيرهم أربعة إخوة إلّا هؤلاء، شرح نهج البلاغة : ج6 ص147) .
He is the father of four chieftains1954 [who will also rule]. [By the ‘four chieftains’ the sons of ‘Abd al-Malik were meant‚ namely al-Walid‚ Sulayman‚ Yazid and Hisham. From among the Umayyads or otherwise no ‘four brothers’ came to power as caliphs save these four people. (Sharh Nahj al-Balagha, vol. 6‚ p. 147). ]
وسَتَلقَى الاُمَّةُ مِنهُ ومِن وُلدِهِ يَوما أحمَرَ .
The community will encounter bloody days through him and his sons.”
نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 73 .
Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 73.
و ـ سُلطَةُ الحَجّاجِ
The Sway of al-Hajjaj
854. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام:
854. Imam Ali (AS) said:
أما وَاللّهِ ، لَيُسَلَّطَنَّ عَلَيكُم غُلامُ ثَقيفٍ ، الذَّيّالُ المَيّالُ ،
“Beware! By God, a tall lad of strutting and swinging gait from the Banu Thaqif shall rule over you.
يَأكُلُ خَضِرَتَكُم، ويُذيبُ شَحمَتَكُم ،
He shall eat away your vegetation and melt your fat. [Destroy your fruits and blessings. Sayyid al-Sharif al-Radi states: Wadhaha: a (dung -) beetle, it refers to al-Hajjaj - who had itching in his fundament and made use of dung beetles to relieve the itch (Editor).]
إيهٍ أبا وذَحَةَ !
Ah! O Abu Wadhaha!”
نهج البلاغة : الخطبة 116 .
Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 116.
ز ـ مُلكُ بَني العَبّاسِ وزَوالُهُ
The Reign of the Abbasids and Its End
855. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام:
855. Imam Ali (AS) said:
يَابنَ عَبّاسٍ ،
“O’ Ibn Abbas,
إنَّ مُلكَ بَني اُمَيَّةَ إذا زالَ
when the reign of the Umayyads ends,
فَأَوَّلُ ما يَملِكُ مِن بَني هاشِمٍ وُلدُكَ ،
your sons will be the first to rule from the Banu Hashim,
فَيَفعَلونَ الأَفاعيلَ .
and they will do a lot of things.” [That is machinations (Editor).]
الفضائل لابن شاذان : ص120 .
Al-Fadail by Ibn Shadhan, p. 120.
856. عنه عليه السلام :
856. Imam Ali (AS) said:
إنَّ مُلكَ وُلدِ بَنِي العَبّاسِ مِن خُراسانَ يُقبِلُ ،
“ Indeed, the reign of the sons of the Abbasids will commence from Khurasan
ومِن خُراسانَ يَذهَبُ .
and will end from Khurasan as well.”
المناقب لابن شهر آشوب : ج2 ص275 .
Al-Manaqib by Ibn Shahr Ashub, vol. 2, p. 275.
ح ـ استِشهادُ الرِّضا في خُراسانَ
The Martyrdom of al-Rida (AS) in Khurasan
857. الإمام عليّ عليه السلام :سَيُقتَلُ رَجُلٌ مِن وُلدي بِأَرضِ خُراسانَ بِالسُّمِّ ظُلما ،
857. Imam Ali (AS) said: “One of my sons will be killed by poison in the land of Khurasan unjustly.
اِسمُهُ اسمي ،
He has the same name as me;
وَاسمُ أبيهِ اسمُ ابنِ عِمرانَ موسى عليه السلام ،
his father’s name is the name of the son of Imran, Musa (AS).
ألا فَمَن زارَهُ في غُربَتِهِ
Verily‚ whoever visits him in his estrangement,
غَفَرَ اللّهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ لَهُ ذُنوبَهُ ما تَقَدَّمَ مِنها وما تَأَخَّرَ ،
God‚ the Great and Almighty‚ will forgive his former and later sins,
ولَو كانَت مِثلَ عَدَدِ النُّجومِ وقَطَرِ الأَمطارِ ووَرَقِ الأَشجارِ .
even though it be like the number of stars, drops of rain and leaves of trees.”
كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : ج2 ص584 ح3188 .
Kitab Man la-Yahduruh al-Faqih, vol. 2, p. 584, h. 3188.
ط ـ غَلَبَةُ الحَقِّ عَلَى الباطِلِ في آخِرِ الزَّمانِ
The Supremacy of Truth over Falsehood at the End of Time
858. نهج البلاغة :وقالَ الإمامُ عَلِيّ عليه السلام :
858. Nahj al-Balagha, relates: Imam Ali (AS) said:
لَتَعطِفَنَّ الدُّنيا عَلَينا بَعدَ شِماسِها عَطفَ الضَّروسِ عَلى وَلَدِها ـ
“The world will be inclined towards us after its withdrawal from us, as a fierce she-camel inclines to [protect] its offspring.
وتَلا عَقيبَ ذلِكَ ـ :
Then he recited His words:
«وَ نُرِيدُ أَن نَّمُنَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُواْ فِى الْأَرْضِ وَ نَجْعَلَهُمْ أَئِمَّةً وَنَجْعَلَهُمُ الْوَ رِثِينَ» . القصص : 5 .
“We desire to show favour to those who were abased in the land, and to make them leaders, and to make them the heirs”.” Quran, 28:5.
نهج البلاغة : الحكمة 209 .
Nahj al-Balagha, Aphorism 209.
859. الغيبة للنعماني عن أبي وائل :
859. Al-Ghayba by al-Numani, reporting from Abu Wa’il, who said:
نَظَرَ أميرُ المُؤمِنينَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام إلَى الحُسَينِ عليه السلام فَقالَ :
“The Commander of the Faithful Ali (AS) looked at Husain (AS) and said:
إنَّ ابني هذَا سَيِّدٌ كَما سَمّاهُ رَسولُ اللّهِ صلى الله عليه و آله سَيِّدا ،
Indeed, this son of mine is a master as the Messenger of God (SA) named him a master.
وسَيُخرِجُ اللّهُ مِن صُلبِهِ رَجُلاً بِاسمِ نَبِيِّكُم ،
God will bring forth from his loins a man bearing the name of your Prophet,
يُشبِهُهُ فِي الخَلقِ وَالخُلُقِ ،
resembling him in appearance and character.
يَخرُجُ عَلى حينِ غَفلَةٍ مِنَ النّاسِ
He will go forth when people are heedless,
وإماتَةٍ لِلحَقِّ وإظهارٍ لِلجَورِ ،
truth is dead and tyranny is manifest.
وَاللّهِ لَو لَم يَخرُج لَضُرِبَت عُنُقُهُ ،
By God, if he does not rise, his neck will be severed.
يَفرَحُ بِخُروجِهِ أهلُ السَّماواتِ وسُكّانُها ،
The people of the heavens and its inhabitants will be delighted by his uprising.
وهُوَ رَجلٌ أجلَى الجَبينِ ،
He is a man with an open [and distinct] forehead,
أقنَى الأَنفِ ،
hooked nose,
ضَخمُ البَطنِ ،
large stomach
أزيَلُ الفَخِذَينِ ،
and broad thighs.
بِفَخِذِهِ اليُمنى شامَةٌ ،
On his right thigh is a mole.
أفلَجُ الثَّنايا ،
His incisors are cleft.
ويَملَأُ الأَرضَ عَدلاً كَما مُلِئَت ظُلما وجَورا .
He will fill the earth with justice as it has been filled with oppression and tyranny.”
الغيبة للنعماني : ص214 ح2 .
Al-Ghayba by al-Numani, p. 214, h. 2.
