1535 - التَّحاكُمُ إلَى الطّاغوتِ‏

1535. BRINGING A CASE FOR JUDGMENT BEFORE A TYRANT

(أَلَمْ تَرَ إلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَما أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَتَحاكَمُوا إلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَقَدْ أُمِرُوا أَنْ يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ) .¹

"Have you not regarded those who claim that they believe in what has been sent down to you, and what was sent down before you? They desire to seek the judgment of the Rebel, though they were commanded to defy it." ²

5272.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام - في تَحاكُمِ رَجلَينِ مِن أصحابِهِ إلَى الطاغوتِ وبينَهُما مُنازَعَةٌ في دَينٍ أو مِيراثٍ - : مَن تَحاكَمَ إلَى الطاغوتِ فَحُكِمَ لَهُ فإنّما يَأخُذُ سُحتاً وإن كانَ حَقُّهُ ثابِتاً لَهُ ، لأ نّهُ أخَذَ بحُكمِ الطاغوتِ ، وقد أمَرَ اللَّهُ أن يَكفُرَ بهِ .³

5272. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to two of his companions who went to be judged before a tyrant in a dispute they had about a loan or inheritance, said, 'Whoever goes to be judged before a tyrant and he judges in favour of one of them, whatever he is compensated is unlawful, even if it was rightfully his, because he took it by judgment of a tyrant when Allah has ordered him to reject the tyrant.' ⁴

5273.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إيّاكُم أن يُحاكِمَ بعضُكُم بَعضاً إلى‏ أهلِ الجَورِ ، ولكنِ انظُرُوا إلى‏ رجُلٍ مِنكُم يَعلَمُ شيئاً مِن قَضايانا فاجعَلُوهُ بينَكُم، فإنّي قد جَعَلتُهُ قاضيَاً فتَحاكَمُوا إلَيهِ .⁵

5273.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Beware of seeking judgment amongst yourselves from oppressors. Rather, try to find a person among you who has some knowledge about our legal edicts and make him judge between you, for I have made such a person [with these qualifications] a judge, so seek judgment from him.' ⁶

333 - القضاء

333. JUDGMENT (in a Court of Justice)

1534 - أهَمِّيَّةُ موقِعِ القَضاءِ

1534. THE IMPORTANCE 0F THE STATUS OF JUDGMENT

(يا دَاوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوَى‏ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِما نَسُوا يَوْمَ الْحِسابِ) .¹

"O David! Indeed We have made you a vicegerent on the earth. So judge between people with justice, and do not follow desire, or it will lead you astray from the way of Allah. Indeed those who stray from the way of Allah there is a severe punishment for them because of their forgetting the Day of Reckoning." ²

5269.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - لِشُرَيحٍ - : يا شُرَيحُ ، قد جَلَستَ مَجلِساً لا يَجلِسُهُ إلّا نَبيٌّ أو وَصيُّ نَبيٍّ أو شَقيٌّ .³

5269.Imam Ali (AS) said to Shurayh, 'O Shurayh, you are sitting on a seat that only the likes of prophets, successors of prophets or wretched people sit on.' ⁴

5270.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كتابٍ كَتَبَهُ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ على‏ مِصرَ - : ثُمّ اختَرْ لِلحُكمِ بينَ الناسِ أفضَلَ رَعِيَّتِكَ في نَفسِكَ ، ممَّن لا تَضيقُ بهِ الاُمورُ ، ولا تُمَحِّكُهُ الخُصومُ ، ولا يَتَمادى‏ في الزَّلَّةِ ، ولايَحصَرُ مِنَ الفَي‏ءِ إلَى الحَقِّ إذا عَرَفَهُ ، ولا تُشرِفُ نَفسُهُ على‏ طَمَعٍ ، ولا يَكتَفي بأدنى‏ فَهمٍ دونَ أقصاهُ ، وأوقَفَهُم في الشُّبُهاتِ ، وآخَذَهُم بالحُجَجِ وأقَلَّهُم تَبَرُّماً بمُراجَعَةِ الخَصمِ ، وأصبَرَهُم على‏ تَكشُّفِ الاُمورِ ، وأصرَمَهُم عِند اتِّضاحِ الحُكمِ ، مِمّن لا يَزدَهيهِ إطراءٌ ، ولا يَستَميلُهُ إغراءٌ ، واُولئكَ قَليلٌ ، ثُمّ أكثِر تَعاهُدَ (تَعهُّدَ) قَضائهِ .⁵

5270. Imam Ali (AS), in a letter he wrote to al-Ashtar when he made him governor of Egypt, said, '...Then choose for judgment between people the best of your subjects, who are of excellent character and high caliber and for whom no issue or case is hard. They must not lose their temper, disputes should not let him fall astray they should not exceed in their mistakes, and when the truth is made clear to them they should not hesitate to accept it [change their verdict]. They should not lean towards greed. They should not satisfy themselves with the lowest of understanding over the highest, they must be more precautious than anyone else in doubtful and ambiguous matters. They must attach the greatest importance to reasoning, arguments and proofs. They must exhibit the least annoyance at seeing the opponent, be the most patient in scanning details, and most serious in the issuing of a verdict when the matter is clear. The praisings of people should not deceive them. They should not be misled by flattery, but unfortunately such people are few. After you have selected such men to act as your judges, make it a point to go through some of their judgments and to check their proceedings.' ⁶

5271.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : اتَّقُوا الحُكومَةَ ؛ فإنَّ الحُكومَةَ إنّما هي لِلإمامِ العالِمِ بالقَضاءِ ، العادِلِ في المُسلمينَ ، لِنَبيٍّ أو وَصيِّ نبيٍّ .⁷

5271.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Beware of governance, for verily governance is for the leader who is knowledgeable about judgment, just among the Muslims, and for a prophet or the successor of a prophet.' ⁸