1699 - شُعَيبٌ عليه السلام‏

1699. SHUAYB (AS) ¹

(وَإِلَى‏ مَدْيَنَ أَخَاهُمْ شُعَيْباً قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَالَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ قَدْ جَاءَتْكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ مِن رَبِّكُمْ فَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ وَلا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ وَلا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلَاحِهَا ذلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ*... الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كَانُوا هُمُ الخَاسِرِينَ) .²

"And to [the people of] Midian, Shuayb, their brother. He said, 'O my people, worship Allah! You have no other god besides Him. There has certainly come to you a manifest proof from your Lord. Observe fully the measure and the balance, and do not cheat the people of their goods, and do not cause corruption on the earth after its restoration. That is better for you, if you are faithful.'...Those who impugned Shuayb became as if they had never lived there. Those who impugned Shuayb were themselves the losers." ³

(اُنظر) هود : 84 - 95 والحِجر : 78 ، 79 والعشراء : 176 - 190 والقصص : 45 والعنكبوت : 36 ، 37 وق : 14 .

(See also: 11:84-95, 15:78-79, 26:176-190, 28:45, 29:36-37, 50:14)

5974.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لَم يَبعَثِ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ مِنَ العَرَبِ إلّا خمسَةَ أنبياءَ : هُوداً وصالِحاً وإسماعيلَ وشُعَيباً ومُحمّداً خاتمَ النَّبيِّينَ صلواتُ اللَّهِ علَيهِم ، وكانَ شُعَيبٌ بَكّاءً .⁴

5974.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty only sent five prophets from the Arabs: Hud, Salih, Ishmael, Shuayb, and Muhammad, the seal of the prophets, peace of Allah be upon them; and Shuayb was one who cried very much.' ⁵

إشارة إلى قِصّةِ شُعَيبٍ عليه السلام وقَومِهِ فِي القُرآنِ الكريمِ :

Details of the Story of Shuayb and his People in the Holy Quran ⁶

كان عليه السلام من أهل مَديَن - مدينة في طريق الشام من الجزيرة - وكان معاصراً لموسى‏ عليه السلام ، وقد زوّجه إحدى‏ ابنتيه على‏ أن يأجُره ثمانيَ حِجج وإن أتمّ عشراً فمن عنده (القصص : 27)، فخدمه موسى‏ عشر سنين ، ثمّ ودّعه وسار بأهله إلى‏ مصر .
وكان قومه من أهل مَديَن يعبدون الأصنام ، وكانوا قوماً مُنعَّمين بالأمن والرفاهية والخصب ورخص الأسعار ، فشاع الفساد بينهم والتطفيف بنقص المكيال والميزان (هود : 84 وغيرها)، فأرسل اللَّه إليهم شعيباً وأمره أن ينهاهم عن عبادة الأصنام وعن الفساد في الأرض ونقص المكيال والميزان ، فدعاهم إلى‏ ما اُمر به ، ووعظهم بالإنذار والتبشير ، وذكّرهم ما أصاب قوم نوح وقوم هود وقوم صالح وقوم لوط .
وبالغ عليه السلام في الاحتجاج عليهم وعظتهم فلم يزدهم إلّا طغياناً وكفراً وفسوقاً (الأعراف وهود وغيرهما من السور). ولم يؤمنوا به إلّا عدّة قليلة منهم ، فأخذوا في إيذائهم والسخرية بهم وتهديدهم عن اتّباع شعيب عليه السلام ، وكانوا يقعدون بكلّ صراط يوعدون ويصدّون عن سبيل اللَّه من آمن به ويبغونها عِوَجاً (الأعراف : 86) .
وأخذوا يرمونه عليه السلام بأنّه مسحور وأنّه كاذب (الشعراء : 185 ، 186) وأخافوه بالرجم ، وهدّدوه والذين آمنوا به بالإخراج من قريتهم أو ليعودنّ في ملّتهم (الأعراف : 88) . ولم يزالوا به حتّى‏ أيأسوه من إيمانهم ، فتركهم وأنفسهم (هود : 93) . ودعا اللَّه بالفتح قال : ربّنا افتح بيننا وبين قومنا بالحقّ وأنت خير الفاتحين .
فأرسل اللَّه إليهم عذاب يوم الظُّلّة (الشعراء : 189) ، وقد كانوا يستهزؤون به أن أسقِطْ علينا كسفاً من السماء إن كنت من الصادقين ، وأخذتهم الصيحة (هود : 94) والرجفة (الأعراف : 91 ، العنكبوت : 37) فأصبحوا في ديارهم جاثمين ، ونجّى شعيباً ومن معه من المؤمنين (هود : 94) فتولّى‏ عنهم وقال : يا قوم لقد أبلغتكم رسالات ربّي ونصحت لكم، فكيف آسى‏ على‏ قوم كافرين ؟! (الأعراف : 93) .⁷

He (AS) was from Midian - a city on the way to Sham from the Arabian Peninsula - and he was a contemporary of Moses (AS). He married one of his two daughters to Moses on condition that he hire Moses to work for him for eight years, and if he worked for ten years, then it would be his own choice (Quran 28:27). Moses served him for ten years, and he then bid farewell to him leaving for Egypt with his family.
His people from Midian worshipped idols and were blessed with security, luxury, fertile land, and cheap prices. Corruption spread among them, and the defrauding of weights and measures became common (Quran 11:84, and others). Allah then sent Shuayb to them and commanded him to forbid them from worshipping statues, causing corruption on the earth, and defrauding scales and weights. Shuayb invited them to what he had been commanded and advised them by warning them [of chastisement] and giving them glad tidings [of Paradise]. He also reminded them of what had happened to the people of Noah, Hud, Salih, and Lot.
He (AS) excessively debated with them and exhorted them, but it only increased their rebellion, disbelief and corruption (Quran: Surah Araf, Surah Hud, and others). None but a small group of people believed in him, and people started hurting, mocking and threatening the followers of Shuayb (AS). They lay in every street corner, threatening and barring from the path of Allah those who believed in Him, seeking to deviate them from the right path (Quran 7:86).
They accused him (AS) of being enchanted and that he was a liar (Quran 26:185,186). They threatened him and those who believed in him of expulsion from their village unless they reverted back to their creed (Quran 7:88). They continued to abuse them until they made him lose hope in them, so he left them to themselves (Quran 11:93). Shuayb prayed to Allah for victory and said, 'O Lord, give us victory over our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give victory.' Allah then sent the punishment that occurred on the cloudy day (Quran 26:189), and they were mocking him, saying, 'Throw onto us punishment from the Heavens if you are of the truthful', and the Cry seized them, and the earthquake seized them (Quran 11:94, 7:91, 29:37), so they lay lifeless prostrate in their homes, and He delivered Shuayb and the faithful who were with him (Quran 11:94). So he abandoned them and said, 'O my people! Certainly I communicated to you the messages of my Lord, and I was your well-wisher. So how should I grieve for a faithless lot?' (Quran 7:93). ⁸

1698 - أيُّوبُ عليه السلام‏

1698. JOB (AS) [AYYUB]

(وَأَيُّوبَ إِذْ نَادَى‏ رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الضُّرُّ وَ أَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ * فَاسْتَجَبْنَا لَهُ فَكَشَفْنَا مَا بِهِ مِنْ ضُرٍّ وَآتَيْنَاهُ أََهْلَهُ وَمِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا وَذِكْرَى‏ لِلْعَابِدِينَ) .¹

"And Job, when he called out to his Lord, 'Indeed distress has befallen me, and You are the most merciful of the merciful.' We answered his prayer and removed his distress, and We gave him [back] his family along with others like them, as a mercy from Us, and an admonition for the devout." ²

(اُنظر) ص : 41 - 44 .

(See also: Qur'an 38:41-44)

5968.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : قالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ لأيُّوبَ : أتَدري ما كانَ جُرمُكَ إلَيَّ حتَّى ابتَلَيتُكَ ؟ قالَ: [لا] ³ ياربِّ ! قالَ : لأ نّكَ دَخَلتَ على‏ فِرعَونَ فادَّهَنتَ بكَلِمَتَينِ .⁴

5968.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty revealed unto Job (AS), 'Do you know what your sin to Me was when you were struck with calamities?' He said, 'No.' Allah Almighty said, 'You went to Pharaoh and you flattered him with two words.' ⁵

5969.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : كانَ أيُّوبُ أحلَمَ النّاسِ ، وأصبَرَ النّاسِ ، وأكظَمَ النّاسِ لِغَيظٍ .⁶

5969.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Job was the most tolerant and patient of people, and the strongest at suppressing his anger.' ⁷

5970.ابن عبّاس : إنّ امرأةَ أيُّوبَ عليه السلام قالَت لَهُ يَوماً : لَو دَعَوتَ اللَّهَ أن يَشفيَكَ ! فقالَ : وَيحَكِ ! كُنّا في النَّعماءِ سَبعينَ عاماً فهَلُمَّ نَصبِرْ في الضَّرّاءِ مِثلَها ! قالَ : فلَم يَمكُثْ بعدَ ذلكَ إلّا يَسيراً حتّى‏ عُوفِيَ .⁸

5970. Ibn Abbas narrated, 'The wife of Job (AS) said to him one day, 'If only you supplicated to Allah to cure you!' He said, 'Woe unto you! We enjoyed blessings for seventy years, so lets be patient with calamities in its equivalent!' The narrator says, 'He did not stay after this for long until he was cured.' ⁹

5971.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ابتُلِيَ أيُّوبُ سَبعَ سِنينَ بلا ذَنبٍ .¹⁰

5971.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Job was afflicted for seven years without having committed a single sin.' ¹¹

5972.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنّ اللَّهَ تَباركَ وتعالَى ابتَلى‏ أيُّوبَ عليه السلام بلا ذَنبٍ ، فصَبَرَ حتّى‏ عُيِّرَ، وإنّ الأنبياءَ لا يَصبِرونَ علَى التَّعيِيرِ .¹²

5972.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah, Blessed and most High, afflicted Job (AS) without him committing a single sin, and he was patient until he was mocked, and prophets do not tolerate being mocked.' ¹³

5973.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : ماسَألَ أيُّوبُ عليه السلام العافِيَةَ في شَي‏ءٍ مِن بَلائهِ .¹⁴

5973.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Job never asked for wellbeing in any of the calamities he was struck with.' ¹⁵