face two kunyas and several homonymous names. The evaluations of this article indicate that he has been considered by the Rijal experts as identical with such personalities as Khālid ibn Yazīd, Yazīd ibn Tha'labah ibn Maymūn and Yazīd Abū Khālid al-Qammāṭ. These reports make the study of the Rijal-oriented character of Abū Khālid al-Kābulī complicated. In addition to the fact that in some cases the names and the kunyahs have been confused, certain scholars like Ibn Sahrāshūb have added the variable of ghuluww (extremism) to this confusion! The necessity of recognition of this personality is from the aspect that he has played a special role in the history of Shi'a hadith and the Shi'a doctrinal system. Many cases of confusion are found in the resources ignoring of which caused the decline in this Shi'a hadith character to the level of founding the extremism. It also caused questions to be raised about the genuineness of Imami doctrinal system. For this reason investigation of the reliability criteria of Abū Khālid is of great importance.

Keywords: Abū Khālid al-Kābulī, Abū Khālid al-Qammāṭ, differentiation among the homonymous names, ghuluww (extremism), reliability.

A study on the situation of Hafṣ b. Sulaymān al-Qārī in the light of differentiation among homonymous names in Rijal resources

Elaheh Shah-pasand¹

Hafṣ b. Sulaymān is the narrator (rāwī) of 'Āṣim, the transmitter of the recitation attributed to Imam Ali (a.s). Priority of his position to the other narrator of 'Āṣim was admitted by many experts. He did not attract the attention of authors of Shi'a Rijal books, while he was warmly received in the Sunni sources in the field of Rijal science as well as the Qur'anic science and knowledge. Hafṣ, the narrator of 'Āṣim, has been considered by many of Sunni Rijal experts as reliable; however, certain cases of weakening, especially from the aspect of his hadith-related reputation have been reported so that – as it is understood from the historical indications – one of the reasons for this weakening is homonymy between Hafṣ b. Sulaymān al-Muqrī and Hafṣ b. Sulaymān al-Minqarī. This issue caused some cases of weakness concerning Hafṣ al-Minqarī to be attributed to Hafṣ al-Muqrī, as well. Even if one would not be able to claim that all cases of weakening that are concerned with the hadith-related aspect of Hafṣ, have been reported about Hafṣ al-Minqarī; it can be said that Hafṣ was accurate in his recitation (of the Qur'an); however, he was not accurate in the field of hadith.

Keywords: Hafṣ b. Sulaymān al-Muqrī, Hafṣ al-Minqarī, recitation, hadith, ​