Letter 59: To al-Aswad ibn Qutbah

He was the Governor of Hulwan

أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فإِنَّ الْوَالِيَ إِذَا اخْتَلَفَ هَوَاهُ مَنَعَهُ ذلِكَ كَثِيراً مِنَ الْعَدْلِ،

Now, if the actions of a governor follow the passions he will be greatly hampered in justice.

فَلْيَكُنْ أَمْرُ النَّاسِ عِنْدَكَ فِي الْحَقِّ سَوَاءً،

All the people should be equal in right before you,

فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الْجَوْرِ عِوَضٌ مِنَ الْعَدْلِ،

because injustice cannot be a substitute for justice.

فَاجْتَنِبْ مَا تُنْكِرُ أَمْثَالَهُ،

Avoid that thing the like of which you would not like for yourself.

وَابْتَذِلْ نَفْسَكَ فِيَما افْتَرَضَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ،

Exert yourself in what Allah has made obligatory on you,

رَاجِياً ثوَابَهُ،

hoping for His reward

وَمُتَخَوِّفاً عِقَابَهُ.

and fearing His chastisement.

وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الدُّنْيَا دَارُ بَلِيَّة

Know that this world is the place of trial.

لَمْ يَفْرُغْ صَاحِبُهَا قَطُّ فِيهَا سَاعَةً إِلاَّ كَانَتْ فَرْغَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ حَسْرَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،

Whoever here wastes any hour of his time will repent it on the Day of Judgement,

أَنَّهُ لَنْ يُغْنِيَكَ عَنِ الْحَقِّ شَيْءٌ أَبَداً،

and nothing can ever make you free of need of what is right.

وَمِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَيْكَ حِفْظُ نَفْسِكَ،

One of the rights on you is that you should protect yourself (from sins)

وَالاْحْتسَابُ عَلَى الرَّعِيَّةِ بِجُهْدِكَ،

and look after the subjects to your best.

فَإِنَّ الَّذِي يَصِلُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ ذلِكَ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الَّذِي يَصِلُ بِكَ،

The benefit that will come to you from this will be greater than that which will accrue (to people) through you;

وَالسَّلاَمُ.

and that is an end to the matter.