1692 - نوحٌ عليه السلام‏

1692. NOAH (AS) [Nuh]

(لَقَدْ أَرْسَلنَا نُوحَاً إِلَى‏ قَوْمِهِ فقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَالَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ) .¹

"Certainly We sent Noah to his people. He said, 'O my people, worship Allah! You have no other god besides Him. Indeed I fear for you the punishment of a tremendous day." ²

(وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ نُوحٍ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ يَا قَوْمِ إِنْ كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَقَامِي وَتَذْكِيري بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَعَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ) .³

"Relate to them the account of Noah when he said to his people, 'O my people! If my stay [among you] be hard on you and [also] my reminding you of Allah's signs, [for my part] I have put my trust in Allah." ⁴

(اُنظر) هود : 25 - 48 والأنبياء : 76 ، 77 والمؤمنون : 23 - 30 والشعراء : 105 - 122 والعنكبوت : 14 ، 15 والصافّات : 75 - 82 والذاريات : 46 والقمر : 9 - 17 والتحريم : 10 ونوح : 1 - 28 .

(See also: 11:25-48, 21:76-77, 23:23-30, 26:105-122, 29: 14-15, 37:75-82, 51:46, 54:9-17, 66:10, 71:1-28)

5948.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : أوّلُ نَبيٍّ اُرسِلَ نُوحٌ .⁵

5948.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The first prophet to be sent down as a messenger was Noah.' ⁶

5949.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نُوحاً لأربَعينَ سَنةً ، ولَبِثَ في قَومهِ ألفَ سَنةٍ إلّا خَمسينَ عاماً يَدعُوهم ، وعاشَ بعدَ الطُّوفانِ سِتّينَ سَنةً حتّى‏ كَثُرَ النّاسُ وفَشَوا .⁷

5949.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah sent Noah as a prophet for forty years, and he stayed among his people for one thousand years minus fifty, calling them [to the truth]. He stayed alive for sixty years after the flood until the number of people increased and they spread out.' ⁸

5950.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - في قولهِ تعالى‏ : (وما آمَنَ مَعَهُ إلّا قَليلٌ)⁹ - : كانوا ثمانِيَةً .¹⁰

5950. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: "And none believed with him except a few" ¹¹ , said, 'They were eight.' ¹²

5951.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : إنّ نُوحاً عليه السلام لَمّا غَرَسَ النَّوى‏ مَرَّ علَيهِ قَومُهُ فجَعلوا يَضحَكونَ ويَسخَرونَ ويقولونَ : قد قَعَدَ غَرّاساً ! حتّى‏ إذا طالَ النَّخلُ وكانَ جَبّاراً طُوالاً قَطَعَهُ ثُمّ نَحَتَهُ فقالوا : قد قَعَدَ نَجّاراً ! ثُمّ ألّفَهُ فجَعَلَهُ سَفينَةً فمَرُّوا علَيهِ فجَعلوا يَضحَكونَ ويسخَرونَ ويقولونَ : قد قَعَدَ مَلّاحاً في فَلاةٍ من الأرضِ ! حتّى‏ فَرَغَ مِنها .¹³

5951.Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'When Noah (AS) planted a seed a group of people walked by him and started to laugh and mock him, saying, 'He has now become a gardener!' When the palm tree grew and became great and high, he cut it down and worked it, and they said, 'He has become a carpenter!' He then made these into a boat, and a group of people came by, laughing and mocking, saying to him, 'He has now become a sailor in the desert of the earth!', until he finished [building] it.' ¹⁴

5952.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : كانَ بينَ آدَمَ وبينَ نُوحٍ عليهما السلام عَشرَةُ آباءٍ كلُّهُم أنبياءُ اللَّهِ .¹⁵

5952.Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There were ten fathers between Adam and Noah (AS), and all of them were prophets.' ¹⁶

قِصّتُهُ عليه السلام فِي القُرآنِ :

بَعثُهُ وإرسالُهُ :

His story in the Quran Sending him as a Prophet with a Message

كان الناس بعد آدم عليه السلام يعيشون اُمةً واحدةً على‏ بساطة وسذاجة وهم علَى الفطرة الإنسانيّة ؛ حتّى‏ فشا فيهم روح الاستكبار وآل إلَى استعلاء البعض على‏ البعض تدريجيّاً . . .
فشاع في زمن نوح عليه السلام الفساد في الأرض ، وأعرض الناس عن دين التوحيد وعن سنّة العدل الاجتماعيّ ، وأقبلوا على‏ عبادة الأصنام . وقد سمَّى اللَّه سبحانه منها وَدّاً وسُواعاً ويَغوث ويَعوق ونَسراً (سورة نوح) .
وتباعدت الطبقات ؛ فصار الأقوياء بالأموال والأولاد يضيّعون حقوق الضعفاء ، والجبابرة يستضعفون مَن دونهم ويحكمون عليهم بما تهواه أنفسهم (الأعراف - هود - نوح) .
فبعث اللَّه نوحاً عليه السلام وأرسله إليهم بالكتاب والشريعة يدعوهم إلى‏ توحيد اللَّه سبحانه وخلع الأنداد والمساواة فيما بينهم (البقرة : 213) بالتبشير والإنذار .

People after Adam were living as one nation very simply and guilelessly preserving their human nature, until a feeling of haughtiness spread among them and they gradually tried to rise above each other. Corruption spread during the time of Noah (AS) and people turned away from religion and monotheism, and from the tradition of social justice. They began to worship idols, and Allah Almighty mentioned some of them, like Wadd, Suwa, Yaghuth, Yauq, and Nasr (Surah Nuh).
Classes in society moved farther away from each other. Those who were strong, with wealth and children, bean to neglect the rights of the weak, and the tyrants began to humiliate those below them and rule over them as their desires dictated to them (Surah al-Araf, Hud, Nuh).
So, Allah sent Noah to them with a divine book and law, calling them to the Oneness of Allah Almighty, and to refute a partner to Him, and to bring equity to the society through giving glad tidings and warnings to them (Quran 2:213).

إجتهادُهُ عليه السلام في دَعوتِهِ :

His Effort in Propagation

وكان عليه السلام يدعو قومه إلَى الإيمان باللَّه وآياته ، ويبذل في ذلك غاية وسعه ؛ فيندبهم إلَى الحقّ ليلاً ونهاراً وإعلاناً وإسراراً ، فلا يجيبونه إلّا بالعناد والاستكبار ...

لَبْثُهُ عليه السلام في قَومِهِ :

...and he (AS) would propagate to his people to believe in Allah and His signs, and he tried his hardest to do so. He called them to the truth day and night, and they did not respond to his call other than with arrogance and haughtiness...

لبث عليه السلام في قومه ألف سنة إلّا خمسين عاماً يدعوهم إلَى اللَّه سبحانه ، فلم يجيبوه إلّا بالهزء والسخرية ورميه بالجنون وأ نّه يقصد به أن يتفضّل عليهم ، حتّى‏ استنصر ربّه (سورة العنكبوت) . . .

Staying Among his People

He (AS) stayed among his people for nine hundred and fifty years calling them to Allah Almighty, and they only answered him with mockery and sarcasm. They called him insane and said that he only wanted to rule over them, until he sought help from his Lord (Surah al-AnkAbut).

صَنْعُهُ عليه السلام الفُلْكَ :

Making the Ark

أمره اللَّه تعالى‏ أن يصنع الفلك بتأييده سبحانه وتسديده فأخذ في صنعها ...

Allah Almighty ordered him to make an ark with His guidance and protection.

نُزولُ العَذابِ ومَجي‏ءُ الطوفانِ :

The Descent of Punishment and the Starting of the Flood

حتّى‏ إذا تمّت صنعة الفلك وجاء أمر اللَّه وفار التنّور أوحَى اللَّه تعالى‏ إليه أن يحمل في السفينة من كلٍّ من الحيوان زوجَين اثنَين ، وأن يحمل أهله إلّا من سبق عليه القول الإلهيّ بالغرق وهو امرأته الخائنة وابنه الذي تخلّف عن ركوب السفينة ، وأن يحمل الذين آمنوا (سورتا هود والمؤمنون) ، فلمّا حملهم وركبوا جميعاً فتح اللَّه أبواب السماء بماء منهمر وفجّر الأرض عيوناً فالتقَى الماء على‏ أمر قد قُدِر (سورة القمر) وعلا الماءُ وارتفعت السفينة عليه وهي تسير في موج كالجبال (سورة هود)...

When the ark was completed, the command of Allah came and water gushed forth from the valley, Allah revealed to him to carry to his boat a pair of every animal and all his family members save those whom Allah had decreed to drown, who were his treacherous wife and his son who refused to board the ark. He was also ordered to take the believers (Surah Hud, al-Mu'minun). When they all got onto the boat Allah opened the doors of the sky with pouring water and exploded the springs of water from the earth, meeting each other according to a designated measure (Surah al-Qamar). The water came up and the boat rose on it, floating above the waves like mountains (Surah Hud).

قَضاءُ الأمرِ ونُزولُهُ ومَن مَعه عليه السلام إلَى‏الأرضِ :

Fulfilling of the Command and his Descent onto the Ground with those Accompanying him

فلمّا عمّ الطوفان وأغرق الناس (كما يظهر من سورة الصافّات آية 77) أمر اللَّه الأرض أن تبلع ماءها والسماء أن تقلع وغِيضَ الماء و استوت السفينة على‏ جبل الجُوديّ . . .¹⁷

When the flood encompassed everything and everyone drowned (as is mentioned in Surah al-Saffat:77) Allah ordered the earth to swallow its water and the sky to suck up the water, and the boat settled on the mountain of Judiy... ¹⁸