However, the reliability of some subjects of this same mutafarridāt such as introducing the sect of Samarra among other Islamic sects, exaggeration in explaining some of the virtues and merits of Imam Ali (A.S) and Sulaym (himself), and maṭā‘in (strong criticisms) concerning the first two Caliphs and the wives of the Prophet (S), going astray in some its accounts with regard to historical events such as the Battle of Camel, and conversation of Muhammad b. Abu Bakr with his father Abu Bakr at the last moment of the latter’s life, cannot be proved.

Keywords: Hadiths, Kitāb Sulaym b. Qays, mutafarridāt (exclusive reports) of Sulaym, evaluation.

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Application of hadith (tradition) and riwāya (narration) in the early Fihrist and Rijāl books

Ehsan Sorkhei

Hadith literally means whatever is "new”. However, this term is usually used in speech. "Riwāya” literally means "current”, and "narration”, but is majorly used in the concept of "report” and "account”.

Based on usages of "hadith” and "riwāya” by the early compilers of Fihrist and Rijal books this study has attempted to offer a better understanding of their purpose in reporting the biography of the traditionists and their evaluation. This article mainly puts emphasis on explaining the usages of "riwāya”, because the vastness of its usage with regard to written resources explicitly indicates that they are pivots around which narration of hadiths revolves.

Studying the usages shows that "hadith” has been used in its literal meaning, as well as in the concepts of inserting the words of the Imams (A.S), choosing them out of other works and in the traditions quoted from a particular compiler in other works. "Riwāya” in its turn, was applied, in addition to its literal meaning, in the concepts of verbal reporting of the hadiths, reporting the books of the others and reporting a certain copy of a book.

Keywords: hadith (tradition), riwāya (narration), Firhrist book, Rijal book, early scholars.

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